non sibi sed toti	Classics Teaching Resources

Lempriere's Classical Dictionary From time to time I intend to add pages from this standard, if dated, work of reference. Brennus to Bryaxis including Brutus A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z away when he invaded Greece. Paus. 8, c. 46. —Strait. 9. Brenni and Breuni, a people of Noricum. Horat. 4, od. 14. Brennus, a general of the Galli Senones, who invaded Italy, defeated the Romans at the river Allia, and entered their city without opposition. The Romans fled into the capitol, and left the whole city in the possession of the enemies. The Gauls climbed the Tarpeian rock in the night, and the capitol would have been taken had not the Romans been awakened by the noise of geese which were before the doors, and immediately repelled the enemy. Camillus, who was in banishment, marched to the relief of his country, and so totally defeated the Gauls, that not one remained to carry the news of their destruction. Livy 5 c. 36 etc -Plut, in Camill. —— Another Gaul, who made an irruption into Greece with 150,000 men and 15,000 horse, and endeavoured to plunder the temple of Apollo at Delphi. He was destroyed, with all his troops, by the god, or more, properly, he killed himself in a fit of intoxication, A.U.C. 278, after being defeated by the Delphians. Paus. 10, c. 22 & 23.— Justin. 24, c. 6, &c. Brenthe, a ruined city of Arcadia. Paus. 8, c. 28. Brescia, a city of Italy, which had gods peculiar to itself. Brettii, a people of Italy. Strab. 6. Briareus, a famous giant, son of Coelus and Terra, who had 100 hands and 50 heads, and was called by men Aegeon, and only by the gods Briareus. When Juno, Neptune, and Minerva conspired to dethrone Jupiter, Briareus ascended the heavens, and seated himself next to him, and so terrified the conspirators by his fierce and threatening looks that they desisted. He assisted the giants in their war against the gods, and was thrown under mount Aetna, according to some accounts. Hesiod. Theog. v. 148.—Apollod. i, c. i. —Homer. II. i, v. 403.—Virg. Aen. 6, v. 287. 1. 10, v. 565. ——A Cyclops, made judge between Apollo and Neptune, in their dispute about the isthmus and promontory of Corinth. He gave the former to Neptune, and the latter to Apollo. Paus. 2, c. i. Brias, a town of Pisidia. Briguntes, a people in the northern parts of Britain. Juv. 14, v. 196.—Paus. 8, c. 43. Brigantinus, a lake of Rhoetia between the Alps, now the lake of Constance. The town on its eastern banks is now Bregentz in the Tyrol, anciently called Brigantium. Plin. 9, c. 17. Brilessus, a mountain of Attica. Thucyd. 2, c. 23. Brimo (terror), a name given to Proserpine and Hecate. Propert. 2, el. 2, v. n, Briseis, a woman of Lyrnessus, called also Hippodamia. When her country was taken by the Greeks, and her husband Mines and brother killed in the fight, she fell to the share of Achilles in the division of the spoils. Agamemnon took her away some time after from Achilles, who made a vow to absent himself from the field of battle. Briseis was very faithful to Achilles ; and when Agamemnon restored her to him, he swore he had never offended her chastity. Homer. II. i, 2, &c.—Ovid. Heroid. 3. De Art. Am. 2 & 3.—Propert. 2, el. 8, 20.& 22.—Paus. 5, c. 24.—Horat. 2, od. 4. Brises, a man of Lyrnessus, brother to the priest Chryses. His daughter Hippodamia was called Briseis from him. Briseus, a surname of Bacchus, from his nurse Briso, or his temple at Brisa, a promontory at Lesbos. Persius, i, v. 76. Britanni, the inhabitants of Britain. Vid. Britannia. ——A man in Gallia Belgica. Plin. 4,-c. 17. Britannia, an island in the northern ocean, the greatest in Europe, conquered by J. Caesar during his Gallic wars, B.C. 55, and first known to be an island by Agricola, who sailed round it. It was a Roman province from the time of its conquest till the 448th year of the Christian era. The inhabitants, in the age of Caesar, used to paint their bodies, to render thrmselves more terrible in the eyes of their enemies. The name of Britain was unknown to the Romans before Caesar conquered it. Caes. Bell. Gall. 4. - Diodor. 5 Pausanias. i, c. 33.—Tacit. in Agric. 10.— Pliny 34, c. 7. Britannicus, a son of Claudius Caesar by Messalina. Nero was raised to the throne in preference to him, by means of Agrippina, and caused him to be poisoned. His corpse was buried in the night; but it is said that a shower of rain washed away the white paint which the murderer had put over his face, so that it appeared quite black, and discovered the effects of poison. Tacit. Ann.— Sueton. in Ner. c. 33. BritomartiS, a beautiful nymph of Crete, daughter of Jupiter and Charme, who devoted herself to hunting, and became a great favourite of Diana. She was loved by Minos, who pursued her so closely, that, to avoid his importunities, she threw herself into the sea. Paus. 2, c. 30. 1,. 3, c. 14 -——A surname of Diana. Britomarus, a chief of the Galli Insubres conquered by Aemilius. Flor. 2, c. 4. Britones, the inhabitants of Britain. Juv. 15, v. 124. Brixellum, a town in Italy near Mantua, where Otho slew himself when defeated. Tacit. Hist. 2, c. 32. Brixia, a town of Italy beyond the Po, at the north of Cremona, now Brescia. Justin. 20, c. 5. Brizo, the goddess of dreams worshipped in Delos. Brocubelus, a governor of Syria, who fled to Alexander, when Darius was murdered by Bessus. Curt. 5, c. 13. Bromius, a surname of Bacchus, from /foe/ue/v, frendere, alluding to the groans which Semele uttered when consumed by Jupiter's fire. Ovid. Met. 4, v. ii, ——-A son of Aegyptus. Apollod. 2, c. 1. Bromus, one of the Centaurs. Ovid. Met. 12, v.459. Brongus, a river falling into the Ister. Herodot. 4, c. 49. Brontes (thunder) one of the Cyclops. Virg. Aen. 8, v. 425. Brontinus, a Pythagorean philosopher. —— The father of Theano the wife of Pythagoras. Diog. Broteas and Ammon, two men famous for their skill in the cestus. Ovid. Met. 5, v. 107. ——-One of the Lapithes. Brotheus, a son of Vulcan and Minerva, who burned himself to avoid the ridicule to which his deformity subjected him. Ovid, in Ib. v. 517. Bructeri, a people of Germany, inhabiting the country at the east of Holland. Tacit. Ann. it Brumalia, festivals celebrated at Rome in honour of Bacchus, about the month of December They were first instituted by Romulus. Brundusium, now Brundisi, a city of Calabria, on the Adriatic sea where the Appian road was terminated. It was founded by Diomedes after the Trojan war, or, according to Strabo, by Theseus, with a Cretan colony. The Romans generally embarked at Brundusium for Greece. It is famous for the birth of the poet Pacuvius and the death of Virgil, and likewise for its harbour, which is capacious and sheltered by the land, and by a small island at the entrance, against the fury or the winds and waves. Little remains of the ancient city, and even, its harbour has now been choked up by the negligence of the inhabitants. Justin. 3, c. 4. 1. 12, c. 2.— Strab. 5. — Caes. Bell. Civ. i, c. 24. — Cic. ad Attic. 4, ep. i. Brutidius, a man dragged to prison in Juvenal's age, on suspicion of his favouring Sejanus. Juv. 10, v. 82. Brutii, a people in the furthest parts of Italy, who were originally shepherds of the Lucanians, but revolted, and went in quest of a settlement. They, received the name of Brutii, from their Stupidity and cowardice in submitting, without opposition, to Annibal in the second Punic war. They were ever after held in the greatest disgrace, and employed in every servile work. Justin. 23, C.9.— Strab. 6.—Diod. 16. Bruttilus, a Samnite, who killed himself, upon being delivered to the Romans for violating a treaty. Liv. 8, c. 39. Brutus L. Junius, a son of M. Junius and Tarquinia, second daughter of Tarquin Priscus. The father, with his eldest son, were murdered by Tarquin the Proud, and Lucius, unable to revenge their death, pretended to be insane. The artifice saved his life; he was called Brutus for his stupidity, which he, however, soon after showed to be feigned. When Lucretia killed herself, B.C. 509, in consequence of the brutality of Tarquin, Brutus snatched the dagger from the wound, and swore, upon the reeking blade, immortal hatred to the royal family. His example animated the Romans. The Tarquins were proscribed by a decree of the senate, and the royal authority vested in the hands of consuls chosen from patrician families. Brutus, in his consular office, made the people swear they never would again submit to kingly authority; but the first who violated their oath were in his own family. His sons conspired With the Tuscan ambassador to restore the Tarquins; and when discovered, they were tried and condemned before their father, who himself attended at their execution. Some time after, in a combat that was fought between the Romans and Tarquins, Brutus engaged with Aruns, and so fierce was the Attack that they pierced one another at the same time. The dead body was brought to Rome, and received as in triumph; a funeral oration was spoken over it, and the Roman matrons showed their grief by mourning a year for the father of the republic. Flor. i, c. 2.— Liv. i, c. 56. 1. 2, c. i, etc. - Dionys. Hal. 4 & 5— C Nep. in Attic. 8. Eutrop de Tarq. — Virg. Aen. 6, v. 818. — Plut. in Brut. & Caes. —— Marcus Junius, father of Caesar's murderer, wrote three books on civil law. He followed the party of Marius, and was conquered by Pompey. After the death of Sylla, he was besieged in Mutintina by Pompey, to whom he surrendered, and by whose orders he was put to death. He had marrried Servilia, Cato's sister, by whom he had a son and two daughters. Cic. de Orat. c. 55. —Plut in Brut. Marcus Junius Brutus His son of the same name by Servilia, was lineally descended from J. Brutus, who expelled the Tarquins from Rome. Republican principles He seemed to inherit the republican principles of his great progenitor, and in the civil wars joined himself to the side of Pompey, though he was his father's murderer, only because he looked upon him as more just and patriotic in his claims. Brutus and Caesar At the battle of Pharsalia, Caesar not only spared the life of Brutus, but he made him one of his most faithful friends. He, however, forgot the favour because Caesar aspired to tyranny. He conspired with many of the most illustrious citizens of Rome against the tyrant, and stabbed him in Pompey's Basilica. Civil War The tumult which this murder occasioned was great; the conspirators fled to the capitol, and by proclaiming freedom and liberty to the populace, they reestablished tranquillity in the city. Antony, whom Brutus, contrary to the opinion of his associates, refused to seize, gained ground in behalf of his friend Caesar, and the murderers were soon obliged to leave Rome. Brutus retired into Greece, where he gained himself many friends by his arms, as well as by persuasion, and he was soon after pursued thither by Antony, whom young Octavius accompanied. Battle of Philippi and death A battle was fought at Philippi. Brutus, who commanded the right wing of the republican army, defeated the enemy; but Cassius, who had the care of the left, was overpowered, and as he knew not the situation of his friend, and grew desperate, he ordered one of his freedmen to run him through. Brutus deeply deplored his fall, and in the fulness of his grief called him the last of the Romans. In another battle, the wing which Brutus commanded obtained a victory ; but the other was defeated, and he found himself surrounded by the soldiers of Antony. He, however, made his escape, and soon after fell upon his sword, B.C. 42. His character and friends Antony honoured him with a magnificent funeral. Brutus is not less celebrated for his literary talents, than his valour in the field. When he was in the camp, the greatest part of his time was employed in reading and writing; and the day which preceded one of his most bloody battles, while the rest of his army was under continual apprehensions, Brutus calmly spent his hours till the evening, in writing an epitome of Polybius. He was fond of imitating the austere virtues of Cato, and in reading the histories of nations he imbibed those principles of freedom which were so eminently displayed in his political career. He was intimate with Cicero, to whom he would have communicated his conspiracy, had he not been apprehensive of his great timidity. He severely reprimanded him in his letters for joining the side of Octavius, who meditated the ruin of the republic. Plutarch mentions that Caesar's ghost made its appearance to Brutus in his tent, and told him that he would meet him at Philippi. Brutus married Portia the daughter of Cato, who killed herself by swallowing burning coals when she heard the fate of her husband. C. Nep. in Attic.— Paterc. 2, c. .—Plut. in Brut., &c. Caes. i.— Flor. 4. ——D. Jun. Albinus, one of Caesar's murderers, who, after the battle of Mutina, was deserted by the legions, with which he wished to march against Antony. He was put to death by Antony's orders, though consul elect. ——Jun., one of the first tribunes of the people. Plut. ——One of Carbo's generals. Bryas, a general of the Argives against Sparta, put to death by a woman, to whom he had offered violence. Paus. 2, c. 20. ——A general in the army of Xerxes. Herodot. 7, c. 72. Bryaxis, a marble sculptor, who assisted in making the Mausoleum. Paus. i, c. 40.